What Are Proper Nouns?

 

Proper nouns are special names we give to specific people, places, or things. They are different from other nouns because they always start with a capital letter.

For example:

People: If we say “girl,” it could mean any girl, but if we say Emma or John, we mean a specific person. Here, Emma and John are proper nouns.

Places: If we say “city,” it could mean any city. But if we say Paris or Tokyo, we mean specific cities. Paris and Tokyo are proper nouns.

Things: Names of companies, brands, and even days of the week are also proper nouns. For example, Nike (a brand) and Monday (a day of the week) are proper nouns.

Why Do We Use Proper Nouns? We use proper nouns to give specific names to people, places, and things so we know exactly what we’re talking about. This makes our sentences clearer.

Examples in Sentences:

• Sarah lives in New York.
• Sunday is my favorite day of the week.
• I love to drink Coca-Cola.

Remember, if it’s a specific name, it’s a proper noun and should start with a capital letter.

Paul Bunyan: A Legendary North American Hero

Paul Bunyan is a famous figure in North American folklore. He is known as a giant lumberjack who was incredibly strong. His stories are popular in the United States and Canada, especially in areas where logging was important, like the northern forests.

According to the legend, Paul Bunyan was so big that he created mountains and rivers just by walking. He had a blue ox named Babe, who was also very large. Together, they helped clear forests, making space for people to build towns.

One myth says that Paul created the Grand Canyon by dragging his axe behind him as he walked. Another story claims that he made the Great Lakes so Babe could have drinking water.

Paul Bunyan’s tales are fun and show the adventurous spirit of early America and Canada. Even though Paul wasn’t a real person, his stories have become part of North American culture. They teach us about hard work, strength, and humor.

Many statues of Paul Bunyan can be found across the United States and Canada today, and people still enjoy hearing his larger-than-life adventures.

*artwork by James Watrous at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

The Great Migration

 

The Great Migration was a movement of about 6 million African Americans from the rural Southern United States to cities in the North, Midwest, and West, mainly between 1916 and 1970.

People moved to escape racism, segregation, and limited economic opportunities in the South. They hoped to find better jobs, housing, and overall conditions in Northern cities like Chicago, Detroit, and New York.

This migration significantly changed the cultural, social, and political landscapes of the U.S., especially in urban areas where African American communities grew and thrived.

Michelle Obama, actor Denzel Washington, and jazz musician Miles Davis are descendants of those who made the Great Migration. 

*map credit: priceonomics.com 

Shortly (adverb)

 

Let's explore the adverb "shortly." This word means "in a short time" or "soon." It's useful to know and can help you sound more natural in English.

What Does "Shortly" Mean?

"Shortly" indicates something will happen soon. For example, "The bus will arrive shortly" means the bus is coming soon.

How to Use "Shortly" in Sentences

• Travel Context: Our flight will take off shortly. Please fasten your seatbelts.
• Healthy Living Context: The yoga class will begin shortly. Let's get our mats ready.
• Music Context: The concert is starting start shortly. Are you excited?
• Sports Context: The game will begin shortly. Make sure you find your seats.

Try using "shortly" in your own sentences. 

• For example, write about something you are waiting for: The Amazon truck will arrive shortly.
• Describe an event that is about to happen: The movie will start shortly.

Practice using "shortly" in your daily conversations and writing. The more you use it, the more natural it will feel.

US Style: The Adirondack Chair

 

Adirondack chairs are a popular type of outdoor furniture in the United States. They are known for their simple yet sturdy design, featuring wide armrests, a high back, and a slanted seat that makes them perfect for relaxing outdoors. But where did these iconic chairs come from?

The story of Adirondack chairs begins in the early 1900s in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. A man named Thomas Lee wanted to create a comfortable chair for his summer home. He wanted a chair that could be used on the uneven ground of the mountains. After trying out several designs with his family, he finally created a chair with wide armrests, a high back, and a slanted seat. This design became the first Adirondack chair.

Over the years, the design of Adirondack chairs has changed a little, but the basic features have remained the same. Today, you can find Adirondack chairs made from various materials like wood, plastic, and even metal. They come in many colors and styles, but they all maintain the classic look that Thomas Lee first created.

Adirondack chairs are more than just outdoor furniture. They have become a symbol of relaxation and enjoying the beauty of nature. Many people in the United States use them in their backyards, on their porches, and by the lakeside. The connection of these chairs to the US is strong, as they represent a love for the outdoors and the simple pleasures of life.

Whether you are enjoying a sunny day, reading a book, or chatting with friends, these chairs offer a perfect spot to relax and unwind.

Understanding the Verb "To Skip"

Learning new verbs in English can be fun and useful! Today, let's look at the verb "to skip." This verb has a few meanings, but we will focus on one: "to pass over."

What Does "To Skip" Mean?

When we use "to skip" to mean "to pass over," we are talking about choosing not to do something. 

Examples of Skipping

Skipping a Meal: Sometimes, people skip breakfast if they are in a hurry. This means they do not eat breakfast.

Skipping a Class: If a student skips a class, they do not go to that class. Maybe they have something else to do or they just want a break.

Skipping a Chapter: When reading a book, you might skip a chapter if you are not interested in it. You move to the next chapter without reading the one you skipped.

Here are some simple sentences using "to skip":

• I am not hungry, so I will skip lunch today.
• She skipped the meeting because she was feeling sick.
• They decided to skip the boring part of the movie.

Practicing new verbs helps you remember them better. Keep using "to skip" in your daily conversations, and soon it will become easy!

Trending Now: Smash Burgers

 

Let’s explore one of the latest food trends everyone is talking about: smash burgers. These burgers are thin, crispy, and super tasty. 

What Are Smash Burgers?

Smash burgers are like regular burgers, but thinner and crispier. Instead of thick patties, they're made by pressing ground beef flat on a hot grill. This makes them crispy on the outside and juicy on the inside.

Why Are They Popular?

Delicious Taste: Smash burgers have a rich, savory flavor because they're cooked fast on high heat. This locks in the taste and gives them a yummy crust.

Quick Cooking: They cook in just a few minutes, perfect for when you're hungry and don't want to wait long.

Lots of Options: You can customize smash burgers with different toppings and sauces to make them your own.

Social Media Buzz: People love sharing pictures and reviews of smash burgers online, making them popular on platforms like Instagram and TikTok.

Nostalgia: Despite their contemporary popularity, smash burgers evoke a sense of nostalgia for simpler times. With their humble origins rooted in roadside diners and mom-and-pop burger joints, they offer a comforting taste of Americana that connects with people of all ages.

Final Thoughts

Smash burgers are a tasty and trendy option if you’re looking for a quick, flavorful meal. Whether you’re a foodie or just hungry, give them a try—they might just become your new favorite!